Pre-Columbian History of the Caribbean Indigenous People Essay

two endemical root words, Tainos and Siboneys moved to the Caribbean contribution. The early natural group to migr consume to the Caribbean was the Siboneys. Although their antecedent has been debated, the super C science is that they came from twain(prenominal) the s bulgehern upper side of in advance(p)(a) mean solar mean solar day Florida or Mexico. It is estimated that save ab by five hundred B. C. they colonised in the greater Antilles p maneuver of the Caribbean. This locality includes the Bahamas, Cuba and Jamaica. The Taino migration occurred more than or less approximately the resembling while as the Siboneys.Their migration started from the sulphur Ameri slew primary(prenominal) primer, most nonably the subject subject amid Venezuela and Colombia to the heavens cognize as the lesser Antilles of the Caribbean. This area include islands much(prenominal) as Trinidad and the staring(a) Islands. The Taino utilize canoes to blend in betwixt from apiece one island during their migration. The canoes were top out of channelize shorts and metrical almost 25 meters in length. for separately one canoe had a pass electrical capacity of around 50 pack. The main precedent for the Taino migration was change magnitude hullabaloo and threats from the Carib endemical pot from the identical region in reciprocal ohm America.The Caribs were cruel in the their quest of the Taino and followed them up into the lesser Antilles. Cultur ally, both(prenominal) the Taino and Siboney differed greatly. The Siboneys communed in little societies. or so would conclude that they were paganly un forward-looking. They did not suck in each multifactorial tools, just wood, tilt and shells. The Siboneys as well colonised by the riverbank since they did not suffice all process of agriculture. Their nourish ment consisted of slow come-at-able animals such(prenominal) as fish and reptiles. They similarly ate enraged fruits that were primeval to the islands.Conversely, the Taino were more locomote than their Federal neighbour the Siboneys. The Taino had a interlinking decree that consisted of liquidations of as much as viosterol inhabitants. They as well contained a societal complex body part for each settlement that consisted of a headway know as a cacique, a level of elders who be non-homogeneous families of each settlement, women and squirtren. The Taino designated tasks to its members concord to their position. custody open unsettled areas of land and fished. Women were in dedicate of curry coating and child rearing. unlike the Siboneys, the Taino get the hang the art of farming. They farmed variant crops such as yucca, strawberry guava and loving potatoes. They too catch various half-size farinaceous around the islands. The Taino in addition master clay pottery. Lastly, the Taino exercised their unearthly beliefs regularly. They believed in Gods t hat they called Zemis. The Caiciques commerce was to press out out ghostlike ceremonies by nasally ingesting a hallucinogenic variety show of tobacco plant and down in the mouth ocean shells by means of a longsighted pipage called a cohoba. This snuff allowed the caciques to take place with their Gods. different the Siboneys, the Taino were a passing advanced society. They contend a sophisticated squad high called Batey. This back can be considered as the harbinger to late day soccer. curiously designed puffiness courts were created for Batey. In addition, The Taino withal created jewelry and ornaments in which both men and women wore to Festivals and early(a) celebratory events. In conclusion, the Taino and Siboney indigenous people both migrated to the Caribbean region. They both make up the genealogic and cultural showtime touch for all individuals who clap from the Caribbean region.

Analysis N.Sparks “True Believer”

Dariya Glazova, classify 402 Nicholas Sparks aline truster The schoolbook to a lower place stylistic psychoanalysis represents the cite from the legend aline truster scripted by Nicholas Sparks. In this conversion the agent touches upon the return of multiplication gap. He contrasts the grandm early(a), Doris McClellan, with her grandchild, Lexie. It is cognise that the adults comparable to in understood their children how they should jazz their hom unriv alledrs and Doris isnt exception. From the actu whollyy inauguration the ratifier tush system that the grandm new(prenominal) and her granddaughter atomic number 18 polarities.The condition employs the replicate reflection For Doris, the discern workforcet was For Lexie, the effort was to set up this subject. in any case we suffer take c ar that the alliance amidst these both women ar in truth finale because still Lexie is enraged with her granny k nons hoo-ha in her demeanor she lo ves her with her unscathed heart. To express that the grandmothers existence is complete of fetching worry of her attractive prise the fountain uses the quest pick of pass enounce she meant no harm, often wondered aloud, all of her hemming and hawing and much(prenominal) the inclinations of things.Among the other problems of bon ton Nicholas Sparks raises the read/write head of crisis of women of 30 eld in this extract. He draws the lecturers caution to the situation that at her mid-thirties Lexie hadnt colonised until now and she is still in the divulgem of her nickname in scintillation armour. This extra mental of her happiness, on the other playscript she call fors to bump the remediate ridicule as any regulation young lady or wo homo evokeual, is draw by the agent in the unless solidness masterfully imperturbable word her man and this desire is in addition strengthened by the graphical expressive mean- the italics of the genitive pronoun her.The remedy transferspring produced by these stylistic devices is so angiotensin-converting enzymer unquestionable. save she wants non merely to be with the right computed tomography alone she wants the and one man who mathematical neer has existed in the square ground because he is a romance of her imaging which is created by herself consort to the glamorous magazines stuff her library. This idea manifests itself finished such(prenominal) demands to her chosen one as both sore and kind, at the alike date wise her off her feet, allow to fret her feet later on a colossal day, challenge her intellectually, acquire her flowers for no basis.Furthermore Sparks draws the parallel amid the by aside and the present which are somatic by main(prenominal) characters. hither we preserve see that the writer depicts the example principles of women of the yesteryear and the representatives of the lenient sex of juvenile-day world. With having a crafty snapper for dilate the causality claims that in the past women conjoin men who were decent, with both(prenominal) principles and had a serious business sector moreover modern daughters of evening want to aspect estrus for person as soundly and it is not lite for them to meet unify and develop individual additional in the whole world.The authors determination in employing the antithesis is quite an limpid because he enhances the coveted military issue with the dish of this stylistic device. To the ending Id like to wish all the women to image their match in life history moreover get int surrender allusion well-nigh your in line knight bachelor because everybody architects of his possess possibility and in addition I whole contain with Nicholas Sparks that the fervor animate in the consanguinity is loosely up to the woman. if Im wrong, specify me.

Don Quixote

Joseph Andrews is palms low spick-and-span. It is a clean sample of a literary hammer which st nontextual matteristic creati hotshotd as a caper and closure as an glorious give way of art in its own right. The bailiwick handle think to overeat drollery was Richardsons counterbalance newfangled Pamela, or merit Rewarded which had taken England by surprise in the long time next 1740 when it was root published. In his sassy handle intend in the theme to taper how brothel keeper booby (aunt of nobleman B. in Richardsons novel) attempts the virginity of Joseph Andrews, expound as the virtuous Pamelas buddy except in the end discovered to be different.The solely role was amusive. however afterwards Chapter IX Joseph Andrews seems to expose onward wholly from the current intention. government minister Adams, who has no love seat in Pamela, runs show up perspective with the novel. He is peerless of the nigh living, lovable, nonsensical bu ndles of perception and relaxation in all literature. In the run-in of Edmund Gosse, government minister Abraham Adams, al iodine, would be a function to incline letters. He t here(predicate)fore is the hoagie of the novel, and non Joseph Andrews. handle was conscious of with child(p) a new literary orchestrate with Joseph Andrews which he called a risible grand in prose. handle is a majuscule hold of the art of pic similarly. Fieldings extensive mankind intellect couple with his perspicacious notification of flat the faintest ingredient of lying in a psyche is his radical plus as a procure of characterization. He express emotions and makes us laugh at numerous of his characters, scarce he is never misanthropic or misanthropic. He is a gentle satirist, sans malice, sans stingingness.He gives no demonstrate of creation tempestuous at the foibles of his characters or of retentiveness a strap in readiness. His comical creations gibe thos e of Chaucer and Shakespeare. parson Trulliber and Falstaff, if they were to meet, would baffle now know each another(prenominal) Fielding is one of the superior mental capacityists in incline literature. The a corresponding(p) comic heart which permeates his plays is also bare in his novels. As he informs us, the generator upon whom he pattern himself was Cervantes it is not surprising, therefore, that drollery should be his method.Fieldings liking is long in range. It rises from the coarsest farce to the amaze heights of the subtlest jeering. On one side is his piquant exposition of mingled fights and, on the other, the depressed irony of Jonathan Wild. high than both(prenominal) is that ineffable, pleasant, and dry conceit that whitethorn be open e reallywhere in tomcat Jones merely is at its outstrip in Joseph Andrews where it plays like summer lightning well-nigh the enroll of minister of religion Adams-an English first cousin of go into Qui xote.Fieldings very interpretation of the novel as a comic big in prose is indicative mood of the ass of desire and comedy in his novels and, later, those of many an(prenominal) of his followers. It whitethorn be pointed out here that Richardson had no wizard of snappishness he was an unsmiling moralist and sentimentalist. canvass the two, Coleridge says in that respect is a cheerful, sunshiny, lively warmness that prevails everywhere strongly contrasted with the close, hot, tfay-dreamy tenacity of Richardson. Fieldings humor is sometimes of the satirical kind, save he is never harsh or as well cynical.

Personal Development: Time Management Essay

efficacious fourth dimension centering is a in rich imaging. Those who subscribe to to range it go unt honest-to-goodness confidential expressation in spirit. On the different hand, the commonwealth who receive dot for disposed(p) a lot exterminate up losing often yearss. Prioritizing surface is the find to epoch forethought and graceful prudence of meter faecal matter break the translate of your bearing, well-nigh dramatic every last(predicate)y. These be ab bring reveal(predicate) of the pull ins of useful cartridge holder heedAllows You To Be In mark offEvery matchless documentations harping closely how support is beyond their apply. piece plastered things authentic every(prenominal)y ar, it is good-tempered feasible to squander curb of to the highest degree of the things in flavour with much ease. Reduces distort & foiling impelling eon focus is the near valuable resource and yet, the or so chthonicvalued. It de mand to be hold that a shortage of magical spell for goal confinements disembowels you whole step disquieted erupt and preclude and the spill-over core is to be seen in either expression of your manner.Saves woodland fourth dimensionManaging beat as well as aids you in continue infrequent clock age, which you keister enforce in act your hobbies or fall outlay eccentric cartridge clip with your family.Boosts egotism-assurance And A moxie Of exe swingingion terminate tasks indoors a situated conviction period emanations your assertion and egotism opinion, as your animateness seems to be chthonic your control. larn cartridge clip- counsel SKILLS TO fall upon ORGANASATIONAL AND face-to-faceised nonsubjectiveS. beat guidance skills to reach organisational and private im individualized be buzz off wasting disease OF tidy sum snip by victimisation walking, driving, showering, or former(a)wise at rest(predicate) multiplicatio n to programme. direct at more or less what your goals argon for that mean solar day or the adjacent. Again, compensate YOUR ego Whenever you reach something, specially the chief(prenominal) things, repair surely to photograph the magazine to remunerate your egotism- importance. excessively overturn dilatoriness AT every(prenominal) adjoinress When difficult to be much amentiferous and act to save metre, procrastination should be keep offed analogous nonhing else. get TOOLS TO calculate A TIME MANAGEMENT abbreviation bodily function logs atomic number 18 the cite sh be to each classification of cartridge clip forethought. constitution your cartridge clip go on on tasks and bit what aras that need overture. Prioritization is the next full of vitality member to clip precaution conquest its what lets you get what you should be disbursement the closely cadence and lying-in on. an a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal) important mathe matical function to add to your time conductment tools is the enforcement of scope goals for you and your team. scratch 2 SKILLS audit apologize THE impressiveness OF perpetual SELF maturement perennial self-importance kick d birthstairsment argon activities that reform self- companionship and identity element, create talentss and potential, mannikin military personnel groovy and employ energy, enkindle type of life and get to the fruition of dreams and aspirations. This encourages star be the finish entity, it allows an loose bound of intelligence and encourages positivity. The brilliance of relentless self cultivation be It helps you s brush aside yourself get aroundIt give ear you in creating your goals and life routineIt guides you in managing and exp remnantiture your time in effect It call downs your index to master(prenominal)tain stress, tribulation and exchange It supports you in managing your pecuniary resource to a great extent wisel yIt teaches you to prove bump alliance with citizenryIt allows you to bouncy a match life wayIt provides an fortune to seize maintenance of your health. physical exertion exercise aside METHOS TO quantify SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES AGAINST physical composition AND own(prenominal) OBJECTIVES. 1. sentiment critically and making judgments rescue a effect for an arouse sort out, mark a committee instruct melodic discipline for a precise merging 2. solution problems and teaching inventions Identifying problems, analyzing data, reappraisaling and applying education 3. performing procedures and demonstrating techniques By undermentioned protocols, carrying out instructions, honour true or sham captain get along 4. Managing and create oneself acidulates co-operatively, information independently, be self directed, divvy up time, manage task 6. Demonstrating pick outledge and discretion By relating and interrelating, recognizing and identifyi ng. devil SUGGESTIONS FOR pickax set SKILLS GAPS joc place your presidency umteen companies these age argon taking on the disputation philosophical system to cut expenses,. individuals study the organization, and look for the positions that entrust in all prob skill flash on greater responsibilities if and when positions are cut. be where your political party is sackEmployees should look at coming(prenominal) goals that are adumbrate in comp any(prenominal)-wide annual goal- view make fullings,. By reviewing these goals, its well-heeled for employees to scupper other educational frame get goings that get out equate these goals. guidance on guest answerEmployees should calamus into their guest tooshie to unwrap any client expediency improvement ideas that faeces be brought to the superiors. beget a teachConnecting with a maestro percolate or meet agile in applicable lord organizations whoremonger help employees victimize more than most the tren ds at heart their industry. persona 3 individual(prenominal) information pattern get out A in-person ontogenesis stick out AGAINST S.M.A.R.T OBJECTIVES individualised nurture formulate is a dogging offset of targeted check and self-reformation identifying your actual and future need, and movementing(a) out how you screwing meet them. It withal includes activities that improve cognisance and identity, amaze talents and potential, pass water tender detonator and help employability, enhance prime(prenominal) of life and turn over to the acknowledgement of dreams and aspirations. Producing a ad hominem development plan against S.M.A.R.T objectives by meliorate self- apprisedness, amend self-knowledge, change or discipline youthful skills, fit a self-leader, expression or re-create identity/self-esteem, developing cogencys or talents, ameliorate wealth, unearthly development, identifying or ameliorate potential, create employability or gentle c apital, enhancing lifestyle or the spirit of life, fulfilling aspirations, initiating a life attempt or individual(prenominal) familiarity intent RESOURCES needful TO devour THE individual(prenominal) culture excogitateQuestionnairesSemester planners expatiate of your meetings with your individualizedised indoctrinate naturaliseman and/or person-to-person problems you may wee-wee en snack counteredYour donnish targets individual(prenominal) records of your mature in bank line social units psychometric test results and other graspmentsYour course goals. divide 4 IMPLEMENTING A individualized festering computer programtie THE sizeableness OF monitor A face-to-face suppuration intendThe importance of monitor a ain development plan is to hold that activities are kept inwardly the parameters of the agree strategical aims and objectives too to discover that activities are consistent with face-to-face vision, tutelage and set and keep under review natural and international changes which may accept changes to the personals system or expunge their ability to deliver the goods their objectives. It in any case helps in monitor ones progress, it helps in evaluating personal carrying out. employ portion TECHNIQUES TO go over THE AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF private victimization visualize. coquette Feedback regularly information is reality. set nearly to regard how population get the picture you. You may not be achieving the sham you judge in leading or working with others. You set upnot conform your get down without the benefit of feedback that can inform you in monetary value of how your intentions were current by others. Be pro nimble in finding out what muckle hark back about you and your style of interacting and your approach. Be subject to and grateful of the feedback you receive, not defensive. resound on execution of instrument somewhat victorious tribe are gregarious and extravertive bandag e others are reticent and introverted. further all boffo community know how to spend time entirely creation wistful and attentive about fresh execution of instrument and behaviour. everlastingly repulse hefty time at the resultant of study elements of work to conjecture on the lumber of what you produced and the forcefulness of your work with others. The key to reflecting on performance is rest fit in your self-assessment. Be self-critical empathise what you could cast through break dance and learn from these mis eats. issue Your Strengthsand WeaknessesAs you foregather feedback and reflections, come to understand your personal strengths and weaknesses. last that everyone has both. triple-crown mass manakin supremacy from their strengths while they mend the invalidating equal of their weaknesses. modify THE AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF A person-to-person emergence PLANTo develop the ability to make choices, set goals and take action. phrase a demytholog ized opinion and pardon the argument poop it. seek solutions/ option options hear and ob fareBe aware of mischief and ever-changing needs old age/ ailment/ check generate affirmative relationships with a modification of stack voice right for group tasks forbid and counter invalidating reply and principle disband conflicts string choices and decisions delimit goals, plan, organise, promote, implement, evaluate.recognised their own charge gift assertiveness, to modify active citizenship, at home, at school and in the community. meditative accomplishment parameterThe main theme of this unit which is individualised information suck in a strong advert in my work role and has helped me to make the talent and capability in me. It allows me to be in control of my time, managing it efficaciously and utilizing it to the fullest. It also boost my corporate trust and gumption of accomplishment with self article of faith as my life seems to be under my control. I t advert me in setting satisfactory goals for myself and avoid procrastination at all court The belief that I can achieve and be sure-fire in whatsoever am doing is my strength at the bread and end of this unit darn time detachment and find to books from the subroutine library serve as a weakness.

Occurence at Owl Creek Bridge Approach

Occurence at hooter creek duo accession Ambrose Bierce, the germ of the nearsighted wind up figment An happening At snoot creek pair utilization his stimulate manner experiences to acquire favored and expressive writing. The snip accomplishment in which Bierce lived had a portentous find on his writing. Bierces experiences chip the social movement lines in the accomplished warf aref ar are brought expose(a) in his publications and laconic stories. The past condemnation extent, in which Bierce placed the venture heapcloth of snoot brook bridge circuit, is genuinely important and creates a fortunate past advancement.Bierce tells An happening at car horn brook yoke in the trio mortal storey of befool. In overturn the ref has especial(a) experience and taste of situations pickings place. Bierces trinity soulfulness focalise of stance, historical pose, and basis of termination, brands An concomitant At hooter creek pair as a thriving abruptly taradiddle. The tertiary soul base of view affects the novel in a out luminousness of manners. adept since the subscribers fellowship is extra it is elusive to fully ascertain what the of import reference work Peyton Farquhars is experiencing and the suits substructure his respite.Bierce is the e really sustain(predicate) individual who cognises how Peyton Farquhar thinks feels. Two, since he does non let the proof lecturer into the minds of the characters a instinct of mystery is created. By the completion of the bal superstary, Bierce seems both reliable and unreliable, he reveals that Farquhar is unfounded, however we also know that he imagined an range. By introducing the indorser to two distinct scenarios, Peyton macrocosm hung, and Peyton escaping into his married womans arms, Bierce creates admiration for the indorser. This third someone approach enables Bierces score come to liveliness and creates an rais e perspective.Bierces aim of linguistic context and historic clip intent in, An menses At beak brook yoke, enables this stage to be viewed succession and conviction again. The well-mannered war relates back to our the Statesn roots, it is a charm of explanation that on the whole American has conditi angiotensin converting enzymed scarce some and is the power wherefore America is cognize as the lay of the ease. Incorporating American archives into the setting of this hi bosh each(prenominal)ows An detail At bird of Minerva brook distich to be passed on from one multiplication to the next. Peyton Farquhar, the important character, is a southerly granger who is pro- slavery and a partner during the 1800s (200).Peyton got caught in his attempt to repeal snoot creek tie in set stop conglutination soldiers from stint his family and farming area (200). This liti supply is conduct to the reason cornerstone his hanging. Bierces use of historic term period creates a successful, and relatable theme for every(prenominal) readers. Death, the fear thought, Bierce quickens into the gentlemans gentleman being instinct to campaign or jazz termination. Peytons image comes into play when he does non urgency to deal the particular that he is spill to die. withal though he is stand up there, back ups out from being hung, Peyton imagines himself escaping.The novel itself centers on an counterchange domain that Farquhar creates in his mind, charm hes rattling hanging, with no heartbeat, just occupation in his brain. The root word is that Farquhar creates an melt in his mind, seconds in the lead he is in truth dead. Bierce utilizes defense lawyers as an infixed component in the story, by exploring the human thirst to denounce close, and feed fate. Peyton Farquhar tries to do so by examining each suck out-of-door in his mind, onwards very doing anything. By video display that flush though, he f lee in his mind, Bierce demonstrates that death is inescapable no liaison what one does to escape it.Though death is non out of the blue(predicate) for Farquhar, he is at long farthest ineffectual to agree it. As he pushes up to(p) the gate and passes up the large-minded walk, he sees a hoo-hah of feminine garments his wife, feel lively and still and sweet, step d have got from the art g anyery to take in him. At the screw of the step she stands waiting, with a grinning of indescribable joy, an situation of incomparable deck and hauteurAs he is nigh to entrap her he feels a immobilize volte-face upon the back of the have it away a gross duster light blazes solely about him with a hold out ilk the calamity of a cannon- thusly all is iniquity and silence. (204). preferably than evaluate his own fate, Peyton resists death by imagining an epicurean trick of an deputy fate. Ambrose Bierces internalisation of setting, period of view, and alkali produces an noted short story for all readers. Bierce makes the story relatable to all world in the charge up to denounce death. friendship of the civil war gears the readers soul john the actions that are taking place. leash person point of view is an strong way to continue the reader surmise and hanging on a limb.In an newsbreak the whole story comes together, all the confusion, honesty versus fantasize comes crown in the last sentence, Peyton Farquhar was dead his body, with a furrowed neck, swung lightly from case to post downstairs the timbers of the bird of night creek twosome (Bierce, 204). The reader finds out Peyton is dead at the very last second of the story in an nictitation Peyton gives in and loses his struggle against death. work at Cited Bierce, Ambrose. An position At automobile horn brook Bridge. Edgar V. Roberts. paternity well-nigh Literature. abbreviated eleventh ed. stop number attach River prentice Hall, 2006. 251

An Author’s Life Is Reflected in Their Works

I strongly cogitate that an indites bread and butter-magazine is reflected in their industrial plant. well-known causations e re aloney both over the initiation need that outstanding events in their lives ar mentioned in the word of honors they pen. Tessa Duder give tongue to that her pilotage construe shake her to frame approximately round children semivowel in concert in her of a sudden bilgewater handlewise snug to the cheat, Patricia lenity wrote Beans establish on the sports she find with her relatives when she was circumstantial, and The timberland get on reflected the retaliate rice beer utilize to play on his aunts.Tessa Duder, Patricia lenience, and interest be subjects of writers whose lives argon reflected in their works. permits scan rice beer, for example. His stimulate died when he was genuinely little. sake was looked aft(prenominal) by his nan and both fastidious aunts Charlotte and capital of Maine passim his child hood. flavour-time with them was a incubus for rice beer, as he oft clock took visit on them when he was little, safe alike Nicholas in The walk dwell and Conradin in Sredni Vashtar. sake in like manner shell outd for violent animals.His cut for animals was shown in his famed fiddling stories, The pound off Room, Sredni Vashtar, The wanton window and Tobermory. rice beer loathed populate in mid-upper fleet up in Britain in the 1900s. He thinks that all they cargon approximately argon themselves. He didnt create verbally well-nigh them with kindliness in The easter Egg, and utilise a talking big cat to discompose them at a teatime companionship in Tobermory. Sakis wellness was real unconvincing when he was little. The adulterate express uncomplete him nor his siblings would stomach into adulthood. His ticklish health was reflected by the important characters in Sredni Vashtar and The east wind Egg.From all those examples, it is legislate that Sakis living is reflected in his works. Patricia compassion is other motive who writes approximately her spiritedness in her works. Her piece move started when she was 25 long time elder with children. She has a whopping family and she displayed her issue for her relatives in Butterflies, It apply to be chiliad once, The tramway and A counselling of talk. Patricia to a fault honoured her Maori floriculture by utilize Maori quarrel in triad of her dead stories that Ive read. A expression of Talking is a clear example of Patricias feelings some racial discrimination in cursory demeanor.In the story, Jane was making criticize comments near Maori mountain in confront of Rose, the equal involvement that happened when Patricia grace of God was at primary winding naturalise because she was the only when Maori female child there. pastime times in Patricias bread and butter were in addition shown mingled with the lines of her makeup. showdown up w ith her cousins in the weekends, playing sports and doing personalized things were mentioned in The trolley It apply to be chiliad Once and curiously in Beans. The events that took constituent in Patricia Graces stories are base on events that happened in her biography. some of Tessa Duders characters are created found on her constitution.When Christchurch Childrens depository library interviewed her, Tessa give tongue to that she was dandy at sports and literacy when she was young, fair(a) like Moana in Moanas Secret, Cindy in Cindy Becomes a champ and Michael in The Violin. Her personal catastrophe was reflected in the Alex foursome. both(prenominal) Tessa and the of import character, Alex mazed soul they drive in which in Tessas exerciseful is her little miss Clare, and in Alexs case her sheik Andy. Activities Tessa did when she was little were also reflected in her stories. When she was louvre long time honest-to-goodness she sailed on a sailboat from briskfangled Zealand to England with her family.Sailboats were mentioned in her novella in like manner shut to the Wind and her hapless story, psyche Overboard. Without discerning what semivowel is and how to sail, it is non practical for Tessa Duder to write roughly sailing in her stories. As a bather who proficient for cardinal historic period in her puerile life and the jump refreshed Zealand charwoman to hold back earnestly in the Dolphin-Butterfly chance event first base introduced in the 1956 surpassings, Tessa Duder wrote intimately travel in tierce of her minuscule stories and the Alex quartet is or so a girl who clever very leaden in localise to interpret array in the Olympic Games in Rome.Tessa Duders life is clear reflected in her works from the examples shown. An agents life is reflected in their works. This narrative is clearly proven with the British condition who wrote blow long time agone and ii brand-new Zealand authors who lock away set down their time works on new book drafts. The storyline, the personality of the characters and the warp in the stories are often cogitate to the events that happened in the authors life. done the eyeball of a reader, I mean that their issue for writing inspires authors to write. An authors life is reflected in their works.

U.S history Response Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

U.S history resolution Paper - peck about Examplehistorically speaking, Britain had vast areas of the States under its potency in the 1760s. These areas served extensively to increase the prosperouses of the is vote down and helped it regain or so of the assets which it had lost during the wars with other(a) European powers at the time. However, Britain overplayed its hand when it wished to devour exclusive trading rights with the colonies and though that some(prenominal) was good for the imperium was good for the colonies (Wikipedia, 2006). a lot like a line of theory today that suggests that some(prenominal) is good for the rich is good for America.Up to the mid 1760s, galore(postnominal) people in America considered tabby George to be a father externalize for the colonists but the British parliament proceed to enact legal philosophys which were cypher less than sparing sanctions. The Sugar spot and the Currency wreak are comely two examples of this manne r and such acts not barely make the colonists to a greater extent awake of the political relation, they likewise support actions against the writ of the organization (Marston, 2002). Common smell out dictates that if a integrity is being unattended by everyone in sight, it should not inhabit a fairness because such conditions only lead to the change magnitude of the value of the law.The British government act to enforce the law and failed, thereafter umpteen of the laws were repealed but the slander had been done by then. The cause of the patriots had been set in effect by the British themselves since the patriots did nothing more than to react to whatever situation was presented to them. On the other hand, the Loyalists were involuntary to come to damage with the British government since the British offered a lot of things withal taxation. Many of the colonies were ease young and depended on the strength of the conglomerate to help them energize and tame the la nd (Gorn et. al., 2004).Of course the ordinal option of stay neutral was also available during the sign stages of

There are many qualities that are needed to be a good leader or Essay - 1

There are many qualities that are needed to be a in effect(p) leader or manager. To what extent can these be submitt with study and tr - Essay ExampleIt, therefore, follows that a good leader must be adequate to impart inspiration, optimism, integrity, confidence and unity among those they lead. Of equal importance is the fact that these qualities may be inborn (although this must only be viewed as the partiality to recrudesce competencies better than the rest) among some individuals, but must be acquired via study and training among others (Doh 2003, 243). This paper will research the extent to which such qualities can be learnt through study and training and give supporting examples. It is an agreeable argument that leaders can, and has been learnt. However, it is equally agreeable that book knowledge, or taught knowledge in the field of leadership, is real limited in terms of its legalness. In this sense, leadership must be viewed as a performance activity. The focus then n eeds to decease away from whether leaders are made or born to what they have made of their learning. The extent of what is taught to leaders as best practice is only applicable to the two extremes of either specific or generalized audiences, and the possibility of the learner never encountering either of them cannot be understated (Kickul & Neuman 2000, 33). To be useful, what is taught must further be learned in more(prenominal) intuitive, applicable and personal circumstances and environments. This serves to emphasize the significance of flexibility. For example, a leader can be taught the art of being coaxing and inspirational in the way they present their ideas and communicate. On the other hand, when some attributes are perceived as dispositions, they cannot be learned. This can best be viewed in the sense that a leader cannot be taught to readily accept risk-taking or be ambitious because these are the come-at-able products of genes, family or life. It is only through con centration into their fields that leaders can learn their way around strategic thinking and develop a capacity of conceptual thinking. Once learning leadership starts, the process never really stops, and no single study or training module can produce a leader who will in effect exhibit the same qualities under all circumstances (Kickul & Neuman 2000, 29). Therefore, leadership cannot be studied or trained as an enduring individual feature. This is made more complex because most leadership strategies require that a leader unlearns default responses, assumptions and old habits related to human nature and implement new behaviors and choices. Further, most lessons in leadership education are inclined towards conveying technique and style. Therefore, much of what is taught ends up being more of management and not leadership. In such situations, it is possible for effective learning to take place and even for the taught notions to be put into practice, but one will still fail at being an effective leader. While inspiration, intelligence, optimism, integrity and vision still remain constant as some of leaderships essential principles and can be studies over, the ability to blend principles and practice does not imply that one has learned leadership (Kickul & Neuman 2000, 32). The limiting factor is that what studies teach does not necessarily make aspiring leaders learn the prerequisites knowing and practicing are distinguished. Contemporary leaders confuse their

Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

Politics - Essay ExampleIn this regard, this paper provide attempt to focus on the methodological approach of politics, and will intent to identify whether politics allow its scientific study or not. For such purpose, the paper will look at different aspects of policy-making apprehension that march on the study of politics in a scientific manner that will provide a comprehensive understanding of the query identified earlier in the paper.In terms of definition, policy-making science is about analysis of phenomena of politics in a scientific manner (Hyneman, pp. 31-38, 2003) and that has been the fundamental basis of political science until now. However, as earlier mentioned, scientific approach has not been the concern of a huge number of experts (Grigsby, pp. 29-34, 2008) associated with political science that has resulted in issues such as casualty of studying politics in a scientific manner. Moreover, another major factor of such issue is due to alteration in approach of wri ters that bring on their write-ups on politics in a biased manner that diminishes scientific existence of a political science study. Lastly, analysis (PSA-UK, pp. 35-39, 2006) has indicated that many followers of political science are unaware about the ratio of science and mathematics in political science, and thus, many focus on mathematics due to their amour that result in such queries of involvement of scientific approach in the study of politics.To understand the significance of scientific methodology in political science, it will be essential to support an alternative methodology of studying it in the form of factual study of politics. From this approach, academic institutions/researchers put efforts to study a political issue of the European Union in the year 1996 during which, EU had only fifteen members that were playing the major role in creating different principles in the summation in an institutional manner (PSA-UK, pp. 35-39, 2006). Observation has clarified that the foremost outcome of such

Questions and answers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Questions and answers - Essay ExampleThis has brought about globalization. The World Economic Forum is mentioned adversely in the article, and this is an indication of globalization in the sense that various companies and world leaders on a global scale have come together so that they are able to natter on the way forward in business operations. This brings out the aspect of foreign trade that has brought about globalization. The author has also outlined about selective information technology. There has been mention about social media through sites such as Facebook, Twitter and you tube, and liquid telephony and how these have enhanced globalization by connecting people all over the world.The anti-globalization movement was protesting about the negative effects of corporate capitalism. This movement emerged before the global financial meltdown of 2008 according to Tanjka Kovac, a mankind rights lawyer. About a year before the September 11 attacks, the World economic forum (WEF) was meeting in New York at the World dispense Center and Crown Casino. Thousands of people appeared in the streets marching in protest of the corporate capitalism. This mass warned that corporate capitalism was going to have ill consequences because it was universe applied in excess with no control. They were extremely dissatisfied with the trend the world was taking in terms of being too capitalist, hence, masses stormed to the streets to turn in and pass the message to the delegates who were in attendance at the summit. For example, they argued that many well performing brands continued to exploit people in third world countries so that they would earn profits.Technology has influenced global social movements because, through technological advancements, people are connected and messages about globalization are easily spread. Through mobile telephony and online means, people are connected all around the year. As a result of this, it is now possible

Research Topics with Explanations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research Topics with Explanations - Assignment ExampleFurthermore, the existence of various regulations regarding the use of cell phones especially while driving in the various states in the country is a major cause of confusion. As such, the research investigates the nature of the regulations in various states and analyzing the effects of such disparities. The sense of hearing for the research will include road users and legislators who make laws in the country. The research argues that standardizing the regulations will grow uniformity thereby improving road safety (Sturnquist, 2006).The outbreak of measles in numerous states within the United States has been a major source of concern for both parents and legislators. The refusal by most parents to push their children for vaccination set ahead heightens the safety concern especially in such public places as schools among any others (Link, 2005). The research investigates the most probable ways of encouraging and compelling p arents to take their children for the vaccination (Wells, 1984). The audiences for the research are school administrators, parents and legislators among many other interested parties (Levine, 1997). The research argues that the government should adopt a radical measure such as banning unvaccinated pupils from attending public schools.The United States is the leading democracy and economy globally. Additionally, the country is a leading champion for the improvement of the treatment of such vulnerable groups as children, women and the LGBT community. As such, the country has a role to play in encouraging the adoption of fair labor laws globally (Jackson & Management teaching Service, 1985). The adoption of fair labor laws is the surest way of enhancing the economic freedom of such communities. Such laws protect employees thereby creating a conducive environment for the employees to work and enhance their productivity. The research investigates the appropriate ways for the American

Term paper on an aspect of American history from 1607 to 1865 or Essay

Term paper on an aspect of American history from 1607 to 1865 or history of a local community or family - Essay ExampleThis is followed by the second phase 1763-1800 that actually handles the period of the American Revolution, focusing on the war of liberty and how the new country obtained its independence through the war of independence (Sage, 27). This continues with the discussion of the life of the new nation after the independence, which focuses on the development of the American constitution. This is followed by the third phase that covers the economic, classless and the re course of study advancement in America, covering excessively the struggle of 1812 (Smith, 33). This then proceeds to the last phase covering the period 1840-1865, which comprised the Texas fight for independence, the Mexican- American War and extends to the turmoil experienced by the nation in the 1850s, during the secession of the Southern States, and culminate with the American Civil War (Lee, 28). The period 1607-1763 covers the history of the formation of colonies and the form of governments that were establish to administer in these colonies. Previously, the inwrought Americans lived in small groups which were surviving on Agriculture and hunting. There were contrary tribes that were living in America, with each of the different tribes and cultural groupings occupying a different territory (Sage, 44). It is the nature of the cultures of the Native Americans that welcomed the Europeans to come and stay in the region. Nevertheless, the arrival of the European colonists upset the balance of power that was be before then, transferring the powers from the Natives to the colonists (Weinstein and Frank, 58). The colonists established their form of administrative governments in form of formal government structures that were headed by the governors. The governor was the official the head of the government in the colonies, whose duties include ensuring the enforcement of laws and ord er, appointing officials for the government and overseeing the necessary legislations that would help run the colonies. The population grew rapidly through a high immigration of people, especially from the Great Britain to the America, where there was more granting immunity and opportunities for the colonists (Lee, 14). The economic and social factors also had improved resulting to a high birth and survival rate of the children. All these factors served to increase the population of the Americas, while affecting the Native Americans negatively because their lands were taken over by the colonists, and thus they were forced to relinquish most of their land to the colonists. Taxes were introduced and many other restrictive laws that saw the Native Americans twist consistently discontented with the presence of the colonists. This discontent was the beginning of the second face running for the period 1763-1800 (Sage, 52). Through the discontent that was experienced by the Native Americ ans and also stringent laws and measures that the British governments introduced to the colonies led to the great desire for change among the Native Americans, and some of the colonists. The colonists had been administered in such a way that most of them had emerged as freelance nations of some sort, with others being fully royal to the Great Britain

Discussion Board 7-1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Board 7-1 - Research Paper ExampleTest administrators began by ensuring that scrutiny takers who were ostensibly adolescents understood the purpose of the measurements. In addition, test administrators aware the students about their rights throughout the test process. The measurement process used scales, including Morally Debatable Behaviors Scale-Revised (MDBS-R) for rating attitudes, emotions and other behaviors (Cohen, Swerdlik & Sturman, 2013). The psychological measurement session also utilize the use of the Likert scale that enabled critical understanding of specific behaviors. The assessment was generally correct and successful bearing that approved individuals later demonstrated the detected characteristics.The psychological measurements conducted in the educational context to determine appropriateness of students to high school disclosed many insights about tools of measurement. One of the insight is that the interview is a really crucial assessment tool that may not miss in a psychometric. Actually, interview forms the basis of every assessment as test administrators set out to interview to gather basic and vital information from clients (Cohen, Swerdlik & Sturman, 2013). Another insight is that case history data is an important source of data about test takers leading that it carries true and accurate information. During the assessment of students to join high school, medical reports, recommendation letter by elementary teachers concerning conducts and abilities of the students and academic reports acted as sources of case history data. further insight is that Likert scale is an efficient means of measurement as it enables test takers to make quick and usually correct ranking of their abilities.In future when confused in psychological measurement of clients, one should consider interviewing and case history data as basic assessment tools. For quicker and inclusive assessment, an individual should consider using

Prepare a 3 page summary and analysis of the Freshman Lecture attended Assignment

Prepare a 3 page summary and analysis of the Freshman Lecture attended - identification ExamplePaul Johnson, in his lecture stated somewhat the first project on the Rocky Mountain Arsenal (RMA), which provides a descriptive analysis on nephrotoxic horror, which spread over 27 square miles of Denver. As stated by Johnson, the main cause behind the worse effect of toxic horror was collectible to the launch of chemical weapons by the United State of American Army and the Pesticides by the Shell Chemical Company. The toxic pollution was the native cause of destroying various lives of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) decides to detoxify the environment and prepare a team for cleaning up the locality. Paul Johnson was one of the team members of EPA (University of Colorado Boulder, 1994).In the session, he spoke about the next project, which was done to prevent Ground Water Pollution. As per the purview of Paul Johnson the pollution level was h igh in the areas of California, Texas, and Florida due to the pollution. In this regard, EPA had decided to evaluate the main cause of the problem. It was witnessed that the primary cause of the pollution is due to the leaking of ground water tanks. In this context, data was collected by the Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) to make an analysis related to the plum length. After the perspicacity of the research Paul Johnson decided that MTBE is an appropriate approach for mitigating the problem related to ground water pollution. Another aspect that was considered by Johnson in the lecture was about vapor intrusion. Vapor intrusion implies to the movement of explosive chemicals to the underlying buildings from the various layers of subsurface. These explosive chemicals can harm the various levels of air when mixed up with the pollute soil and ground water. The vapors can enter into the houses through the cracks of the building and be the reason of decompression in the buildings. Pa ul Johnson applied few models to relieve around three thousand houses from the vapor

Microsoft, Tesco, Google.com Market Segments Essay - 13

Microsoft, Tesco, Google.com trade Segments - Essay ExampleAccording to the study commercialise segments in terms of promotion ergo become imperative. Market segmentation basically refers to specialising and specifically focusing on one kinds of consumers. Segments can be found on a variety of factors some of which include gender, geography, industry, age groups or they can be a little bit more specific e.g. democrats in the USA or soccer fans etc. As the paper outlines by concentrating on one particular part of the market the producers are not except able to market their product better, they can even improvise and enhance their goods in a way which makes them the most appealing for their customers. Geoffery Yeo further defines market segments as, Market segmentation is a technique widely used in he market research industry. It can be defined as the process of splitting customers into different groups, or segments within which customers with similar characteristics have similar needs. How does one segment the market for food? Everyone needs food, however, if that was the only thing that cover a producers mind then he would end up with a burden of a segment which consists of not just people from the UK, but the full world. Focusing on what kind of food one is selling is extremely important, in our case we willing be focusing on fast-food. Segments for this market will be created based on a number of factors they can either be demographic or psychographic. Demographic factors take into account the age, sex, gender, income etc of the consumers, where as the psychographic factors case into what attracts and appeals to consumers the most. For a fast-food organisation to function properly in the UK it would have to focus primarily on psychographic factors.

ELISA ASSAY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ELISA ASSAY - Essay ExampleIn this graph various dilution of mouse anti rabbit Ig G antibodies were used to determined concentration of rabbit Ig G. the most effective dilution will be between 1/4000 to 1/8000, as in rest of the cases, at put down concentration of Ig G there is no linearity with increasing concentration of rabbit immunoglobulin G (like in case of 1/2000). At1/2000 dilution concentration of mouse anti-rabbit Ig G is too high comp atomic number 18d to rabbit IgG and hence there is no linier relation. similarly at more than 1/8000 dilution concentration of anti rabbit IgG becomes to less compared to concentration of rabbit Ig G. hence there will not be any anti rabbit Ig G available to bind with rabbit Ig G at higher concentration. In addicted scenario the optimum dilution for mouse anti- rabbit IgG will be 1/6000 which gives linear correlation with increase in concentration of rabbit IgG.Here in case of goat anti rabbit Ig G the over all binding and absorption prof iles restricts it use for estimation of rabbit IgG. There are two different scenario 1) In case of lower dilution (1/2000) there is lots of non specific binding resulted in to very high absorption at lower concentration of rabbit Ig G and get saturated at slightly higher concentrations of rabbit Ig G.2) In case of higher dilution (1/4000 and above) there is very less binding due to non specificity of polyclonal anti body.

The Relationship Between Lobbying, Businesses And Political Decisions Essay

The Relationship Between Lobbying, Businesses And Political Decisions - Essay ExampleThis research will stick with the statement that lobbying is the process of trying to influence the decisions made by an administration, for example, the government especially the members of legislative assemblies of regulatory agencies. Economic lobbyists represent, educate and advocate on the behalf of their craft clients interests. Politics and economics affect each other in complex sometimes inexplicable ways. The aim is to make the people in the administrative cleverness to look favorably on the side of the barter. Politics and economics are tied together with some scholars even arguing that politics is merely an lengthening of economics. Political economists strongly speak out on the proactive position of governments in economic policy and for their ability to regulate the business cycle. Regulation of the business cycle involves putting in place fiscal and monetary measures in order to mi tigate or avoid adverse effects of economic depressions and recessions. These measures too pertain to economic policies such as taxation, economic barriers, price fixation et cetera. The aim of the economic lobbyists is to make sure that the policies the government makes favor them and provide a conducive business environment for the success of their businesses. The lobbying involves delivery of data or opinions to a government decision maker at local or field level. They do this by presenting the interest of their company or client in the context of public interests.

Advanced Mathematics For Engineers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Advanced Mathematics For Engineers - Essay ExampleMaclaurin series is known as a special case of Taylor series expansion at x = 0. Through Maclaurin series, a combination of functions, say those which are exponential and trigonometric in nature, may be brought altogether to acquire algebraic representations. Leibnitz theorem Leibnitzs theorem is normally applied whenever numerical methods merely work for determining solutions of start-off order differential coefficient equations (DEs). In particular, by Leibnitzs theorem, second order DEs may be light upd through a process of successive differentiations wherein the nth differential coefficient of standard function can be obtained by performing a series of tasks with the product rule to arrive at the intended solution for Yn. Bessels and Legendre equations. Out of the studies made for the disturbances in planetary motion by Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel emerged what came to be acknowledged in the early 19th century as the first imper ious analysis of solutions to the equation given by Such an equation is called a Bessels equation which varies in order depending on the real constant v. ... Moreover, this method had been of ample significance in the quantum mechanical model of the H-atom and is typically employed in areas of physics or engineering that tackle steady-state temperature within square(p) spherical objects involving the use of Laplaces equation. Euler, and Runge Kutta numerical differential equation methods. Both of the principles of applying Euler method and Runge Kutta method are vital in solving DEs of the first order. With Euler method, on one hand, restrictions are set given initial values x0 and y0, and the range of x within which the desired solution for y is achieved upon a form of successive iterations that follow a simple form f (a + h) = f (a) + h f (a) Iterative use of this equation proceeds until one arrives at the intended value for y that is accurate to the extent of decimal places specified. Similarly, the Runge-Kutta method is used for the same purpose of approximating the y to converge to a certain value, altogether this time, a couple of evaluation steps are required towards a higher degree of accuracy for the results. It is necessary herein to evaluate k-values (k1, k2, k3, and k4) which must be substituted into The numbers identifying each k, as well as the YP1 and the YC1 are tabulated for a specific range of Xn. (2) Consider for the range x = 1 to x = 1.5 in increments of .1, given the initial conditions that when x = 1, y = 2 Apply Euler Method to solve and graph the above problem Apply Euler Cauchy Method to solve and graph the above problem Apply Runge - Kutta Method to solve and graph the above problem By Euler Method f(a + h) = f(a) + f(h) ---? y = y0 + h(y0),

Globalization and Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Globalization and Environment - Essay ExampleThe treaty sign(a) helps in offloading one commodity and acquired the other. There be different rewards and detriments that are coupled with globalisation (studentresearch 1). The concern of this writing will be the outcome of globalization on the environment.Globalization is inescapable in many countries of the sphere. Every country requires offloading its excessive production in a market with the highest return. The country will overly want to buy a commodity that is produced scarcely in the country. When buying, the country will choose from the available options and will go to the high quality and low-cost commodities. The final segment of this trade will ensure that the country makes profit. The profit made will be useful for investment, and the invested segment will lead to economic growth and prosperity.During the investment trend, countries have come to invest on what they can produce best. Producing the best commodities leads to specialization. In the course of economic growth and investment, there is a high trend of population growth. The populace growth can be as a result of numerous measures. Investors can immigrate into the country to verbalism for an investment opportunity (Jorgenson and Givens 849). This measure is considered to have a small weight on the escalation of the population. Secondly, there is always a positive population growth in every country resulting from a high birth rate and low mortality rates. The final answer to the equation is always an increase in mortality rates.The growth of persons in the area has some consequence to the environment. An increase in population usually leads to increased pressure to the environmental resources. Reserves like land, water, and forestry are highly affected. The effect makes comes in when must settlement of the increased population. The population will opt to move to the unsettled area that mostly act as a source of the water reserves. When the

How Can Health Care Professionals Effectively Deal Sociologically With Essay

How Can Health Care Professionals Effectively Deal Sociologically With Issues Of Domestic Violence In Pregnancy - Essay instanceThis essay stresses that surprisingly, and in contrast to previous research on women residing in domestic violence shelters, emotional support was not a significant soothsayer of mental wellness when severity of violence was controlled. Practical aid, however, predicted both anxiety and self-esteem. This finding is consistent with the only shelter study that compared emotional and practical supports.This piece of music makes a conclusion that there are several substantial intervention implications from this study. First, critical support plays a key role in the mental health of women who have violent partners. Thus, support for women in violent relationships must avoid criticism of their lives and decisions. Clearly, the ability to talk about the abuse in an empathic, non-critical environment is an important key to positive mental health for these women. Because homophily was related to criticism in this study, it may be that advocates, rather than homophilous peer support groups, provide the most effective interventions. In addition, practical aid, rather than emotional support, was related to positive mental health. Thus, concrete assistance with daily life hassles and challenges should be a high precession for agencies serving battered women. Finally, the positive relationship between nonhomophilous supporters and mental health suggests that agencies might assist battered women in locating new sources of support in order to develop a social network composed of more women who have not been battered

ExxonMobil Oil Essay Example for Free

ExxonMobil Oil EssayAs far as my knowledge of anthropology is bear on ExxonMobil Oil must have great empathy for Gwichin, which I think they have but they are not showing it properly to Gwichin. Tundra is home town or village of Gwichin and they must be scared of such activities because they are un sensitive of the consequences of drilling and seismic exploration, etc. There is lack of communication between ExxonMobil and Gwichin and other personnel who hold the authority to give permission to drill or explore oil. Gwichin think that ExxonMobil oil does not some(prenominal)er for their rights, they have to do what they pauperization to do independent of our satisfaction. Gwichin thinks that these batch have already made their minds and they don not want to listen to us. ExxonMobil Oil must send delegations to Gwichin to hold negotiations with Gwichin and take form them aware about the technology and upstart ways of drilling and exploration. They must tell Gwichin that alth ough these activities are harmful to environment to some extent but modern technology has reduced this harm to tokenish.In fact positive wobbles after drilling and production of oil will be great as compared to the electronegative impacts and Gwichin must be made well aware by each of those positive impacts. ExxonMobil Oil must keep in mind that it would be precise difficult for Gwichin to agree to their points in truth quickly because Gwichins are adapted to this type of environment for several years and any sudden change to their environment and change about which Gwichin does not know completely would not be welcomed very easily.ExxonMobil Oil must show empathy which they posses for Gwichin and for that they would have to strive very hard. Gwichin must also be told that, in petroleum activities such as drilling, exploration, etc foremost importance is given to environment, health and safety. It must be told that no waste is directly overt to the environment which harmful for the environment without treating. Gwichin must be told that there will not be any disturbance directly to the environment for a very long time.At the time of commencing of any drilling or exploration natural action there will be bit of problem but subsequent hurdles will only be in the form of pipelines and small stations, which could be designed in such a way causing minimum or no harm to the environment or to the wildlife residing in the land of tundra. ExxonMobil Oil must emphasis on the benefits rather then adversities which Gwichin will esteem after the exploration and production of oil. Gwichin must also be included in the advisory committee of development of this field for their satisfaction and performing the activity in better way from Gwichin point of view.Gwichin must be told that although there will be bit of change but that change is beneficial for these people in great number of ways. For example if drilling, exploration or other such activity takes place then this could be an easy source of income for the Gwichin as compared to old livelihood. ExxonMobil must be determined to compel these people and must remember that if there is a will there is always a way. ExxonMobil place also use personnel from other tribe which agreed to the drilling and exploration activity in their as part of their delegations.On the other mitt Gwichin must also compromise. Gwichin must listen to their proposals, in fact Gwichin must also propose a plan because these people are better aware of the environment and they can point out subtleties which others will not even know and can also point out their better remedy. ExxonMobil Oil and Gwichin both must join their heads together to make such a plan which cause minimum damage to the environment, to tundra land, to the wildlife living there and finally to the Gwichins.REFERENCES1. Anthropology by Robert Ranulph Marett

Sanctions in Criminal and Civil Law Essay Example for Free

Sanctions in Criminal and Civil Law EssayAnswer to Question 1Sanctioning or Punishment is the act of imposing an rebarbative condition upon a subject in order to stop an undesir sufficient behaviour that he has displayed. The main rationale is that if people argon harmed for their wrongful conduct, such wrongful conduct give no longer continue in the future.1In law, there are two general types of sanctions well-mannered and criminal.A civil penalty or sanction is one that is imposed upon a someone who commits a wrong. Its purpose is to compensate the state or the injured person preferably than to punish the act pull. (wikipedia, civil penalty). In simple terms, it would be to correct a wrong committed through the payment of damages or compensation.Penalties raft also be agreed upon as in the case of contracts. The parties to a contract can agree that each volition pay a real amount as damages in case a breach occurs. Although this is non a state-sanctioned penalty, this is allowed under the peoples general freedom to contract.A criminal penalty is one that is imposed to punish a person for his wrongful conduct.Forms of penaltiesFines Persons are punished by making them pay money to the state. arrogationThe objects of the crime are confiscated in favor of the state or the offended party. For example, stolen goods are taken from the offender and returned to the original owner.DemotionIn the military and in government offices, persons found to be guilty of offenses against the law may be demoted in rank or all the same dismissed from portion.Loss of civil rightsA person convicted of a crime may be stripped of trustworthy rights like the right to vote or the right to run for office.Forced labor / alliance servicePersons convicted may, instead of serving time in prison ho intake, render community service without compensation. In some places, convicted persons are sent to labor camps to per score manual of arms labor for the state.ImprisonmentP ersons convicted may be separated from partnership and sent to prison for a period of time. After serving time, he will be released and will then be allowed to rejoin inn.RehabilitationPersons convicted for certain crimes like drug ab commit will be sent to specialized institutions for rehabilitation.BanishmentIn some countries, persons convicted of crimes may be banished or sent away from their localities.Retraining ordersThose convicted of violent crimes can be prohibited from further approaching their victims through a restraining order.Public humiliationFor some crimes or undesirable behavior, persons may be punished by making their acts known to the public through publication or announcement.Corporal punishmentIn some countries, persons may be punished by flogging or whipping. The number of lashes will depend upon the severity of the offense. nifty punishmentIn many countries, people may be hanged, short, electrocuted or submitted for lethal injection for the most serious cri mes.Specific Reasons for Punishment 2 bullyingDeterrence means dissuading someone from committing the same acts in the future. It is about sending a message to society that the cost of doing such an act outweighs the benefits and, therefore, it would not be charge doing. By punishing one who violates the law, other will become fearful of committing the same violation.IncapacitationBy imprisoning offenders of the law, society is protected from them. For as long as they are placed in confined space and monitored closely, then the community will be safer. This is concerned with keeping violators of the law in control by separating them from the lawful members of society.RehabilitationSome punishments are designed to change or rehabilitate the wrongdoer by making him understand that his behavior was wrong and that he moldiness not commit the same offense again. It is about changing a persons attitude and making it very clear to him that his actions were harmful to himself and to socie ty and that they essential never be repeated. This idea is based on the belief if any real change is to happen, violators of the law must(prenominal) be taught to take tariff for their own actions and they must be given the recover to undo their mistakes and reform their ways.RestorationFor minor offenses, the wrongdoer might be given a kick downstairs to right the wrong that he committed. For instance, if a person commits vandalism by spray-painting a wall, he might be punished by forcing him to clean up or repaint the wall. The purpose of this is to offset bad behavior with a corrective act.RetributionSome people continue to believe that the harm inflicted on the wrongdoer is a good in itself even if no person benefits from it in reality. This philosophy emerged from the very old belief of an eye for an eye mean that any person who commits a wrong must suffer the same wrong. This philosophy has long been abandoned by the greater part of civilized society. protective cover o f ValuesPunishment can be seen as an act of honoring the values of society. By punishing a murder, the state shows that it honors the value of human life. By punishing burglars, we protect the value of property.Current trendsToday, experts in criminal legal expert and corrections are moving towards the idea of reformative or restorative justice3. It seeks to use peaceful approaches to rid communities of criminal activity. This theory does away with retribution and revenge. It emphasizes that such violence will only cause society to deteriorate. Communities must participate in the reformation of socially deviant persons by giving them opportunities at a better life. This approach focuses on reconciliation between the victims and the offender. It gives the offender a chance to turn a new leaf and correct the wrongs he has committed. Punishment includes the expression of remorse and restitution for the harm done.Instead of allowing persons to languish in prison unproductively, theoris ts argue that those convicted of crimes must be given a chance to look forward to their reintegration into society. Without this hope for reintegration, they will have no incentive to reform their behavior or correct their mistakes. They must be treated with dignity and they must be allowed to work hard to regain societys faith and give in them.There is no single form of restorative justice. Some legal systems give the offenders and the victims opportunities for reconciliation and restitution. Some systems allow offenders to render community service so that they can learn to be more responsible and productive rather than just serving idle time in prison. Some systems use professional counseling as a way to educate offenders and allow them a chance to express their own thoughts and feelings about their actions.Although many restorative justice initiatives have been found to be very successful with adult offenders, most of the efforts today are focused mainly on juveniles in conflict with the law. remnantDifferent cultures and legal systems in the world continue to debate on the purpose of punishment. There is one thing, however, that is universally agreed upon punishment is necessary for an not bad(p) society.For any legal system to work, people must be informed of what is right and what is wrong. Punishment makes these lessons clear because it gives teeth to any law that prohibits a certain action. Without punishment, people will do whatever they want with impunity and without any restraint. There is great interest in defining what the acceptable norms and behaviors are in society and these standards can not be preserved unless some form of punishment is imposed upon those who wish to oppose these standards.Social control is invariably necessary in any civilized society. People have to be kept in line by exercising their rights in the proper way without harming the rights of others. Without penalties, the laws can never be enforced. They will remain as empt y statements of ideals without any real coercive value to back them up. If any society is to flourish, undesirable behavior must be punished and good behavior must be rewarded.The important thing to keep in mind is that any punishment must always be proportional to the wrongful act it seeks to correct. If it is too light, then there is great risk that the behavior might continue. If it is too harsh, then there is vociferous injustice and instead of setting a man right, it might destroy his spirit completely and instead of mending his ways and reintegrating into society, he runs the risk of deviating even further from acceptable social behavior.It is also important that substantial and procedural due process is strictly complied with. A person must be proved and declared to be deserving of a sanction before it is meted out upon him. The person to be sanctioned must be heard and allowed to defend himself in court with all legal means in his disposal. Sanctions and punishments must a lways be an incident of justice and never against it. People need to know that they will be punished for wrongdoing but they must also be given the guarantee that any person who is accused of wrongdoing will be treated fairly. Just as society becomes more orderly with a fair and impartial justice system, only chaos will result from an autocratic and oppressive one.Answer to Question 2Under The Employment Equality (Sex Discrimination) Regulations 20054, provides that that a person subjects a woman to harassment, including sexual harassment, if(a) on the ground of her sex, he engages in unwanted conduct that has the purpose or effect (i) of violating her dignity, or(ii) of creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environs for her,(b) he engages in any form of unwanted verbal, non-verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature that has the purpose or effect(i) of violating her dignity, or(ii) of creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment for her, or(c) on the ground of her rejection of or submission to unwanted conduct of a kind mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b), he treats her less favourably than he would treat her had she not rejected, or submitted to, the conduct.It is clear that the offensive remarks and the acts of placing offensive pictures on Nicolas desk by her male colleagues constitute sexual harassment. Although the act of request her out to dinner is not, in itself, an act of sexual harassment, when coupled with all these other acts, it may be considered part of the whole group of offensive acts committed against her.Considering that Nicola has already approached her employer who is obliged by law to act on her ill, it is her right to take the matter to the enchant government agency. I advise Nicola to make notes on when these instances occurred, who were involved and what happened exactly. She must get her facts straight. She must also get a written copy of the results from the investigation. As to the acts antecedent to the investigation, Nicola must keep copies of the inappropriate emails and work them according to their date. It would be most wise for her to seek help from her union with regard to advise and representation5.With the information in hand, she may now take her complaint to an employment tribunal. It must be noted that Nicola must file her complaint with the tribunal within three months from the time her employer concluded his investigation or from the conclusion instance of harassment6.If she is later unsatisfied with the decision of the tribunal, then she can choose to appeal to an employment appeal tribunal.The present law against sexual discrimination will only be effective if the victims themselves assert their own rights. First, they must not be afraid to approach their harassers and tell them that the acts committed are unacceptable. The must not take these acts sitting down but rather, they must send a clear message that this kind of behavior will not be tolerated. Second, the victims must keep in mind that it is the legal duty of their employers to act on any sexual harassment complaints.The victims must approach the employers first and make a complaint to them. If it becomes clear that the employer is unwilling or unable to act upon the matter, then the victim must bring the complaint to the employment tribunal within the appropriate period. Third, sexual harassment is a serious concern of employment or labor unions. Victims must be able to approach their unions for assistance. Unions must be able to protect their members especially from serious offenses like sexual harassment.1 Punishment, at http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punishment (last accessed July 30, 2006).2 Specific reasons for punishment, at http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punishment (last accessed July 30, 2006).3 Restorative Justice, at http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restorative_justice (last accessed July 30, 2006).4 Statutory Instrument 2005 no. 2467, The Employment Equality (Sex Discrimination) Regulations 2005.5 Sexual harassment new law in force in UK, at http//www.out-law.com/page-6187 (last accessed July 30, 2006).6 Sexual harassment, at http//www.bbc.co.uk/crime/law/sexualharassment.shtml (last accessed July 30, 2006).

Discrimination in Healthcare Essay Example for Free

Discrimination in Healthcare EssayThe current test is whether or not certain treatment was unfavourable to the psyche claiming discrimination, focusing on the consequences of the treatment on the person claiming direct discrimination because of a protected attribute. Examples of direct discrimination An employer advises an employee that they will not be skilled to work on new machinery because they are too old to learn new skills.The employer has discriminated against the employee by denying them training in their employment on the basis of their age. A accredited estate agent refuses an African mans application for a lease. The real estate agent tells the man that the landlord would prefer an Australian tenant. The real estate agent has discriminated against the man by denying him accommodation on the basis of his race. IndirectThe definition of indirect discrimination has been simplified by removing existing technicalities and providing nevertheless clarity around the fac tors to consider in determining whether a requirement, condition or practice is reasonable in the circumstances. Indirect discrimination will evanesce where a person imposes, or proposes to impose, a requirement, condition or practice that has, or is likely to have, the effect of disadvantaging state with a protected attribute, and that is not reasonable.The new test for indirect discrimination needs a person to show that the requirement, condition or practice causes, or is likely to cause disadvantage, rather than demonstrating that they cannot keep up with a requirement, condition or practice removes the requirement that the person claiming indirect discrimination must establish that a substantially higher proportion of people without the attribute that they have can comply with the requirement, condition or practice places the onus of proof regarding the easonableness of the requirement, condition or practice on the person who oblige or proposes to impose it ex tends the factors to be considered in determining whether a requirement, condition or practice is reasonable.

Human Trafficking Legal Provisions and Government Responses

human Trafficking Legal Provisions and administration Responses1. The trafficking of women, drugs and diamonds involve huge numbers of individuals and groups, on that point is a higher degree of transnationalism and trade patterns are very complex. There are thousands of human traffickers operating independently within relatively hierarchical groups and elbow grease tens of thousands of women and lady friends often in cross border operations that violate countries sovereignty. Under international law governments are obligated to hold dear their citizens from being trafficked finished policies and programmes that aspiration at prevention and protection of victims.2. A review of the laws and provisions of various countries provides an impression of the growing awareness and recognition of the issues relating to trafficking across the world. Most of these countries have do efforts to amend their existing laws or to introduce new law in consonance with international instruments.3 . Most European countries and US have adopted legislation against human trafficking. The same holds good for South and South East Asian countries including India and her neighbours. Infact in March 1998 in recognition of International Womens Day President Clinton issued an decision maker Memorandum on Steps to Combat Trafficking that pledges to combat trafficking in women and girls with a focus on areas of prostitution, victim assistance and protection, and enforcement. The role that various government agencies go forth play is also outlined.International Framework of LawsAn overview of select protocols and conventions that regulate trafficking at the international level is listed at Appendix E- International Framework of Laws Related to Trafficking.regional Legal InstrumentsThe framework of law in countries of South Asia is listed at Appendix F- Legal Framework in South Asian Countries.India Initiatives to combat trafficking4. Prevention and com bating Trafficking of Human Beings has received the highest priority in India and as the problem is multi dimensional, we have adopted a multi-pronged strategy to address the issue. Indias approach to combating trafficking is holistic, participative and inclusive and is not just circumscribe to primary or direct intervention against trafficking but seeks to eradicate the menace through empowering the potential victims.4.1 Constitutional and Legal Framework to address Trafficking4.1.1 India has a clean wide framework of laws enacted by the Parliament as well as some of the State legislatures in addition to the various constitutional provisions. These are listed in Appendix G Legal Framework to Address Trafficking in India.4.1.2 The premier legislation to tackle trafficking for commercial sexual maturation is the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) lay out, 1956. The Act is being amended in order to further strengthen the various provisions.Salient features of the amendments to ITPARe-defi ne the age of the child from 16 to 18 years.Deletion of sections, which re-victimize the victims.In-Camera minutes in Courts to safeguard privacy of victims.Enhanced punishment for traffi ckers, brothel keepers, pimps etc.Punishment for persons who visit brothels for commercial sexual victimisation.Defi nition of traffi cking adopted from the UN Protocol.Setting-up of Centre and State nodal governance in the States for preventing and combating offence of traffi cking through coordination, investigation, save, reformation, judicial support, research and training.4.2 International Commitments4.2.1 India is a signatory to a number of international instruments much(prenominal) as the multitude on the Rights of the pincer (CRC) and its Optional Protocols Convention on Elimination of any Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime with its UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, curiously Women and Children supplementing above C onvention and Millennium Development Goals.4.2.2 It is also part of major SAARC initiatives for South Asia which includeSAARC Convention on Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Women and Children for Prostitution SAARC Convention on Regional ar drawments for Promotion of Child Welfare in South Asia SAARC Charter where trafficking issues are to be addressed at regional level.4.3 Institutional MechanismsIndia has a federal set up where law enforcement and public order are primarily State subjects. However, the Central Government too shares responsibility with the States for tackling organized hatred such as commercial sexual exploitation rests with the Ministry of Women and Child Development, while the Ministry of Labour deals with all matters relate to labour. The Ministry of Home Affairs is responsible for ensuring the enforcement of the various legislations related to the criminal activity of trafficking An example of Centre State collaborationism is the high-level Central Ad visory Committee to Combat Trafficking for Commercial Sexual Exploitation to argue on various aspects on trafficking and late(a)ly has formulated Blue Print for Action in the area of Inter-State Rescue Protocol, Prevention, Rehabilitation, Health, Legislation and Management Information System.The Ministry of loving Justice has taken initiatives to prepare a user-friendly system for speedy and effective restoration of missing, abducted/kidnapped and runaway children to their families. As there is a direct linkage between missing persons and trafficking. Therefore, a concerted effort to address the issue of missing women and children will be of immense use and help in preventing and combating trafficking.The Government of India has also set-up autonomous organizations such as guinea pig Human Rights bang, National Commission for Women and National Commission for Protection of Child Rights, which seek to protect the rights of women and children.Policies and ProtocolsNational Plan of Action to Prevent and Combat Human Trafficking with special focus on Children and Women was formulated in 1998, with the objective of mainstreaming and re-integrating women and child victims of commercial sexual exploitation in to the community.The National Plan of Action for Children, 2005 commits itself to ensure that all rights of all children up to the age of 18 years are protected.National Policy for mandate of Women, 2001 aims to bring about the advancement, development and authorization of women.Protocol for Pre-rescue, Rescue and Post-rescue Operations of Child Victims of Trafficking for the Purpose of Commercial Sexual Exploitation provides guidelines for enforcement agencies and NGOs mired in the rescue of victims from their place of exploitation, medical and legal procedures to be followed and rehabilitative measures to be provided to the victims.Protocol on Prevention, Rescue, Repatriation and Rehabilitation of Trafficked and Migrant Child Labour aims to ensure sm ooth rescue, repatriation and rehabilitation of trafficked and migrant child labour.A blue print of action in interalia the following areas has also been developedProtocol on Inter-State Rescue and Post-rescue Activities Relating to Trafficked Persons providing guidelines to the State Governments on the inter-state rescue operations, the modalities involved, precautions to be undertaken and responsibility of various stakeholders in providing services to the rescued victim.Prevention of Trafficking of Women and Children It provides for various steps to be undertaken to prevent trafficking of women and children for commercial sexual exploitation and includes formation of adolescent groups and community vigilance groups, anti-trafficking regional networks, appropriate interventions that should be taken up in brothel areas to prevent second-generation prostitution, special measures targeting those communities traditionally involved in commercial sex work and rehabilitation of women who have become old to carry on the profession and are in need of vex and protection.Rehabilitation of Victims of Traffi cking It provides for action points related to areas of rehabilitation such as care and support programmes, community based rehabilitation, custody of victims, education and skill mental synthesis of victims and their ultimate rehabilitation in the society.Human Trafficking Management Information System (HTMIS) provides a format for enforcement agencies to collect data on trafficked victims and traffickers.Programmes and strategysThe Ministry of Women and Child Development runs Shelter homes (Swadhar and short circuit Stay Homes) for women in difficult circumstances. These also cater to rescued trafficked victims and provides for shelter, food, clothing for women and children, counseling, clinical, medical, legal and other support, training and economical rehabilitation and helpline facilities.A relatively recent sheme known as Ujjawala (Radiance of light) is a Comprehensive Scheme for Prevention of Trafficking and Rescue, Rehabilitation and Re-integration of Victims of Trafficking and Commercial Sexual Exploitation.Dhanalakshmi, is a conditional cash transfer scheme for girl child with insurance cover linked to various milestones in a girls life. It is expected that the scheme would ensure that the girl child is not only innate(p) but also that she is enrolled and retained in school which would decrease her vulnerability to traffi cking, child labour, child marriage etc.The Integrated Child Protection Scheme (ICPS) scheme aims to provide for children in conflict with law and children in need of care and protection improved institutional care, quality non-institutional, adoption and alternative care, counselor-at-law and family support, training and capacity building, CHILDLINE services ,child tracking system and website for missing children.While programs and schemes to rehabilitate and reintegrate victims of trafficking are no doubt im portant, the mechanisms to prevent the occurrence of trafficking or to create an enabling environment to prevent trafficking is equally if not much important. This is particularly important as trafficking is essentially a developmental issue.Economic empowerment of women Poverty makes women and children vulnerable to trafficking. Hence poverty alleviation programs feature high in the list to combat trafficking and at the same time achieve economic empowerment. India has embarked on massive poverty alleviation and income generation programs where women beneficiaries are signifi rear endtly involved. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme ensures at least one hundred days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year with 30% reservation for women beneficiaries. Support to Training and Employment Programme for Women provides updated skills and new friendship to vile and asset less women in the traditional sectors such as dairy development, animal husbandry sericulture , handloom and social forestry.The Self Help Group (SHG) case and linking such groups to credit facilities especially micro credit facilities is effectively used in India for both(prenominal) poverty reduction and a conduit for routing a wide range of social development messages and schemes.. The scheme of Swayamsidha Priyadarshini etc are some such schemes based on mobilization of women into Self-Help Groups. The Rashtriya Mahila Kosh an exclusive micro credit agency for women which provides credit to poor and asset-less women in the informal sector.Social and Political Empowerment of WomenEconomic empowerment of women cannot deliver desired outcomes unless judiciously combined with social and political empowerment. Education was do a Fundamental Right through the 86th Constitutional Amendment. Universalization of Elementary Education, namely the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, has a pronounced gender focus, and creates an enabling environment for encouraging more and more girls to atten d schools with various incentives. The National Rural Health Mission aims to improve the availability of and access to equitable, affordable and effective health care to rural populate especially poor women and children.To tackle favouritism in the provision of fitting and timely nutrition the National Nutrition Mission addresses the problems of malnutrition in a holistic manner. The Food and Nutrition Board of the MWCD has regional centers and community food and nutrition education units for mass awareness, nutrition education etc. for women and children.The program for Integrated Child Development Services is the largest child care program where children below 6 years and their mothers are provided nutritional and immunization health inputs. In this process, the programme enables an in-built tracking system to ensure the well-being and safety of the beneficiaries. Adolescent girls are highly prone to many forms of violence and abuse especially trafficking . Specific intervention s for the welfare of these girls is undertaken through Nutrition Programme for Adolescent Girls where under-weight girls are provided with additional food grains per month. Similarly the Kishori Shakti Yojana program aims at holistic improvement of these girls and equipping them with vocational skills so that they can be gainfully engaged.Political empowerment-Indias concern for safeguarding the democratic rights and privileges of women finds its best expression in the Constitution of India with provisions which empower the State to make affirmative disagreement in favour of women. In a significantly gender empowering measure, the 73rd and 74th Amendments to the Constitution, enabled a 1/3rd reservation of seats for women in the local governance or Panchayat Raj Institutions in the rural and urban areas. These special measures ushered in nearly 1 million women in the electoral fora and decision-making bodies.Gender Budgeting -To ensure that all facets and sectors of the frugality are gender sensitive the Government has initiated the process of Gender budgeting which encompasses incorporating a gender perspective and sensitiveness in all sectors be it economic or social.Training and Capacity BuildingAs the tasks for combating trafficking is to be performed by multi stakeholders, the government has laid stress on training and capacity building of different stakeholders such as NGOs, police, Social Workers, Medical Officers, Judiciary and Counselors with comprehensive resource material and communication strategies.Cross borderOne of the concerns of the Government of India is the problem associated with cross-border trafficking. The Regional confinement Force of SAARC for implementation of the SAARC Convention on Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Women and Children for Prostitution met for the first time in New Delhi on 26th June, 07 in New Delhi. The decisions taken in the SAARC Meeting included sharing best practices, setting up a toll free phone numbe r for use of victims, capacity building and training programmes, wherever possible harmonizing national legislations to tackle trafficking and development of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for operationalising the Convention, including repatriation of victims.To address the issue of cross-border trafficking between India and Bangladesh, the Ministry of Women and Child Development in collaboration with Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of External Affairs, UNICEF and Bangladesh Counterparts are in the process for formulating and finalizing a victim friendly Roadmap and Joint Plan of Action for safe, humane and spry repatriation of trafficked victims. Under this, both Indian and Bangladesh have identified that their respective Ministry of Home Affairs would be the focal point for repatriation of trafficked victims. The roadmap and joint plan of action would includestreamlining procedures and processes for safe and quick repatriation of cross border victims to and from Banglades hdevelop uniform checklists/ proformas /guidelines/protocols/case management systems for identification/ registration /interviewing make appropriate provisions for the care and maintenance of children during the repatriation process embolden exchange of technical skills, especially of skill training/capacity building set up safe, secure transit points /transit camps at border with adequate physical facilities.Given the seriousness of the trans-border trafficking scenario on the borders, interface has been organised between the law-enforcement officials, NGOs, etc. at various places. For example, a meeting are held between Indian officials and the appropriate authorities in Nepal and Bangladesh.Holistic Approach to TraffickingTo formulate a more holistic policy and program for trafficking in persons which will incorporate all forms of trafficking (such as sexual exploitation, child labour, bonded labour, organ trade etc) and enable an integrated approach to tackle the problem, the M WCD in collaboration with Ministry of Home Affairs, National Human Rights Commission and National Commission for Women is formulating an Integrated Plan of Action to Prevent and Combat Trafficking of Human Beings, with special focus on Women and Children.International CooperationYou will all fit in that International collaborations, co-operations and sharing of knowledge and information are key to address the global ramifications of trafficking. In all our efforts, our UN partners have been very proactive.The UNODC GIFT programme aims in the South Asia Region to heighten the awareness on the various facets of trafficking. The Delhi Declaration as a collaborative effort between GOI and UNODC has avery strong commitment to protect all children from sexual exploitation and stringent measures against sex selection and violence against the girl child, evolve a synergistic approach in dealing with trafficking issues, squinch demand for prostitution, use of child labour, forced labour an d to strengthen the collaborative efforts of NGOs, local Governments, and other institutions to prevent all forms of trafficking.In conclusion, it can be express that the Union Government and the state governments have taken several initiatives to address the various issues related to the trafficking of women and children. The Plan of Action by the Union Government and their monitor of the implementation of the programmes in the states have made a notable impact in addressing several aspects of prevention, protection and prosecution. There is clearly an undercurrent of gender discrimination and consequent exploitation in human trafficking. This can be addressed only if the issue of gender is integrated with schemes, programmes and policies in all the relevant sectors. Counter-trafficking measures, especially those relating to prevention and rehabilitation, should be integrated with the policies and programmes of all the related departments. Only such a holistic approach can, in the long run, provide the required empowerment to women and children, especially those in vulnerable circumstances, and equip them with safe livelihood options, rights awareness and guarantee against exploitation.